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Pontius Pilate: Prefect or Procurator?
The New Testament refers to Pontius Pilate 60 times. Two of the references add the title “governor” to his name ( Matthew 27:2, and Luke 3:1). Historians, following Josephus, have generally added the rank of Procurator to his name when describing him, but this title...
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The Ten Commandments Scroll (4Q41) – Part III
The Dead Sea Scrolls have revealed to us that there were different manuscripts of Holy Scripture, including, of course, the Ten Commandments, in circulation during the last centuries BCE and first century CE; that is, in the time of Jesus. We learn that these...
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The Crucified Man
“The Crucified Man”, a replica of whose bones is offered here by Biblical Reproductions, is a grim remainder from a cruel ancient world. Discovered during excavations in a tomb in the Giv’at Ha-Mivtar neighborhood of northern Jerusalem in 1968, it is the heel bone of...
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The Oil of the Olive and the Lamp to Light It
The oil lamp presented here by Biblical Reproductions is an example of one of the most common household items of the Biblical world. Every household had lamps. The oil came from the fruit of the olive tree, of course, and olive is the most famous tree of Israel. It...
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Pontius Pilate: Who Was This Man?
Pontius Pilate was the fifth Roman governor of Judea, ruling the province under the supervision of the Legate of Syria and, through him, of the Emperor. He was the most famous of the governors because he was the one who presided over the trial and execution of...
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Oil Lamp With a Cross
The oil lamp served the simple function of providing light indoors and at night. Oil lamps were, therefore, a basic implement in the life of the ancient world; the word “lamp”, in one form or another, appears nearly fifty times in the Hebrew Old Testament. The burning...
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The Ten Commandments Scroll (4Q41) – Part II
Translation of the Bible has traditionally been a difficult, controversial, and sometimes dangerous matter. For centuries, Church authorities suppressed any effort to translate the Bible at all, fearing that direct access of the masses to Divine Revelation would...
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The Ten Commandments Scroll (4Q41) – Part I
The Ten Commandments form the basis of the moral code of the entire Western world. Given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai, they are recorded twice in the Bible; once in Chapter 20 of the book of Exodus, and again in the book of Deuteronomy, Chapter 5. These writings, as...
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